Despite the fact that Trisomy X is a genetic syndrome, it is in most cases not inherited and is usually caused by a genetic error. Usually human beings have forty six chromosomes within each cell, structured into twenty three pairs that factors in 2 sex chromosomes. One group of chromosomes emanates from the mother while the other group is from the father. Such chromosomes then contain genes that bear instructions which dictate everything from eye color to height. The XX or XY chromosomes dictates the sex of a child, while mothers can only give the X chromosome, the father can give both X or Y.  Female gender that have the Trisomy X syndrome have an extra X chromosome due to an arbitrary error occurring during cell division.  This error could occur during or after conception leading to either Mosaic or Nondisjunction Trisomy X syndrome. It is sometimes referred to as the Forty seven XXX syndrome due to the third X chromosome results within every cell rather than the normal forty six.

Common symptoms include learning challenges, taller than normal height particularly with long legs, weak muscle tone, delayed speech development and skill in language, strange curved pinky fingers, emotional and character problems, vertical skin folds which conceal the inner corners of the eyes, challenges with gross and fine memory, motor skills as well as processing of information. In some cases, Trisomy X syndrome could be captured through additional symptoms such as late or early puberty, abnormalities of the ovary, menstrual or infertility irregularities, constipation, heart abnormalities, abdominal failure, flat feet, kidney failures or regular urinary tract infections.

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